- •Chest Imaging
- •Foreword
- •Preface
- •Educational Support and Funding
- •Acknowledgments
- •Contents
- •Fundamentals > Chest Primer Presentation
- •Chest X-Ray Interpretation Self-Study Instructions
- •Using the RoboChest Website
- •Decision Tree Algorithms to Help Solidify Concepts
- •References
- •Comprehensive Review of Search Patterns
- •Search Pattern Mnemonic
- •Interpretive Approach to CXR
- •Applying the Mnemonic to the Search Pattern
- •Chest Primer Presentation
- •References
- •Introduction and Terminology
- •Chest Imaging Terminology
- •Mach Effect on CXR
- •Trachea and Lungs on CXR
- •Mediastinal Anatomy on CXR
- •The Hilum (Plural: Hila)
- •Pulmonary Arteries and Veins
- •Normal Lung Markings
- •Vessel Size
- •Quiz Yourself: Mediastinum Lines, Edges
- •Shoulder Anatomy
- •Reference
- •Abnormal Lung Parenchyma
- •Mass
- •Mass Considerations
- •Size
- •Mass Characteristics
- •Malignancy
- •Case 4.1
- •Metastatic
- •Case 4.2
- •Bronchial Carcinoid
- •Radiological Signs
- •Case 4.3
- •Granulomatous Disease
- •Infectious Granulomatous Disease
- •Case 4.4
- •Non-infectious Granulomatous Disease
- •Benign Neoplasm
- •Hamartoma
- •Case 4.6
- •Congenital Abnormality
- •Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations
- •Case 4.7
- •Consolidation
- •Consolidative Radiological Findings/Distribution
- •Consolidative Model
- •Blood (Hemorrhage)
- •Case 4.8
- •Pus (Exudate)
- •Case 4.9
- •Case 4.10
- •Water (Transudate)
- •Pulmonary Edema
- •Case 4.11
- •Case 4.12
- •Protein (Secretions)
- •Case 4.13 (see Figs. 4.38 and 4.39)
- •Cells (Malignancy)
- •Interstitial
- •Radiological Signs
- •Linear Form: Lines
- •Case 4.14
- •Nodular Form: Dots
- •Case 4.15
- •Reticulo-Nodular Form
- •Pneumoconiosis
- •Case 4.16
- •Case 4.17
- •Destructive Fibrotic Lung
- •Case 4.18
- •Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- •Case 4.19
- •Vascular Pattern
- •Normal Pulmonary Vascular Anatomic Review
- •Radiological Signs in the Vascular Pattern
- •Mechanism
- •Vascular Examples
- •Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)
- •Case 4.20
- •Pulmonary Venous Congestion
- •Pulmonary Venous Congestion: Edema
- •Emphysema
- •Airway (Bronchial) Patterns
- •Complete Obstruction
- •Lobar Atelectasis (Collapse)
- •Signs
- •Lobar Atelectasis Patterns
- •Complete Obstruction: Case Study
- •Partial Obstruction
- •Radiological Signs
- •Bronchial Wall Thickening
- •Bronchial Wall Thickening Causes
- •Bronchial Wall Thickening Model
- •Bronchiolar
- •Case 4.21
- •References
- •Pleural Effusion
- •Case 5.1
- •Technique and Positioning Revisited
- •Case 5.2
- •Comparison of Effusions over Time
- •Loculated Fluid/Pseudotumor
- •Case 5.3
- •Case 5.4
- •Thickening
- •Pneumothorax
- •Fluid and Air
- •Analogous Model
- •References
- •Anterior Mediastinal Mass
- •Case 6.1
- •Middle Mediastinal Mass
- •Posterior Mediastinal Mass
- •Case 6.2
- •Mediastinal Enlargement
- •Case 6.3
- •Reference
- •Case 7.1
- •Lines and Tubes
- •References
- •Appendix
- •Appendix 1: Glossary and Abbreviations
- •Appendix 2: Sources and Additional References
- •Text Sources
- •Image Sources
- •Additional References
- •Chest Imaging References
- •Chest Imaging Online References
- •Index
Chest Imaging
Les R. Folio
Chest Imaging
An Algorithmic Approach to Learning
Les R. Folio, DO, MPH, FAOCR Col (ret), USAF, MC, SFS
Clinical Associate Professor of Radiology Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine
Philadelphia, PA USA lesfoli@pcom.edu
ISBN 978-1-4614-1316-5 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-1317-2 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1317-2
Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2011937481
© Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. 2012
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To the medical students, residents
and fellows I have taught chest imaging over the years.